SECTION A. PERSONAL DATA
CHILD
Name: Darielle Briquillo
Age: 6
Sex: Female
Date of Birth: August 14, 2004
Place of birth: Caloocan City
Birth Order: 3rd
Total no. of siblings: 2
Name of her siblings: Darwin (17 yrs. Old) and Darryl (10 yrs.old)
MOTHER
Name: Esperanza Briquillo
Age: 35
Citizenship: Filipino
Religion: Catholic
Occupation: OFW
FATHER
Name: Henry Briquillo
Age: 40
Citizenship: Filipino
Religion: Catholic
Occupation: Carpenter
SECTION B. JOINING PROCESS
The child referred by my parents. They are my neighborhood. It is easy for me to interview her family because I am attached to the child.
SECTION C. PRESENTING PROBLEM
My client named Darielle, she is six years old; grade I. I conducted the interview with her father and playmate.
Darielle came to a broken family. She is the youngest child among the three children of Henry and Esperanza. Her parents were separated when she was two years old. As of now she lives with her father and two brothers.
According to her father, Darielle is not so interested in studying. She always tend to absent in her class. As of now Darielle has difficulty in reading and speaking, she pronounced the letter R as L, and S as T; but in terms of writing she write legibly. She has a short attention span, when her father teach her to read she did not pay attention to him, if she don't like what her doing she will not take it seriously. Darielle is creative and perseverance in doing artworks like drawing and coloring. In terms of mathematics, she can add numbers 1-20 but she don't know how to subtract, multiply and divide.
According to her father, in terms of the attitude of the Darielle sometimes she shows temper tantrums. Every time her father getting angry to her or she did not get whatever she wants she will cry and shout " I hate you papa! I hate you!, I want to be my mama!" or sometimes she will stay at the corner alone to get the attention of her father.
According to her playmate, sometimes Darielle is generous she let her friends to borrow her toys but sometimes they cannot avoid to get angry with each other. She always bullied her playmate "kulot! kulot!", but when her playmate said "kawawa walang mama!", she will stop bullying.
SECTION D. PSYSHOSOCIAL HISTORY
D1. TIMELINE
Time line is a graphical representation of a chronological sequence of events or things that happen over time.
According to Darielle, 2010 was her happiest moment because she was christen, she worn a new dress, shoes and accessories; and she had a godparents.
D2. GENO GRAM
A GENO GRAM is a graphic representation of the personalities and interplay of generations within a family, used to identify repetitive patterns of behavior.
The broken line means Darielle is not attached to that person while the person that has cross means dead.
D3. SOCIO GRAM
A sociogram is a socio metric diagram representing the pattern of relationships between individuals in a group, usually expressed in terms of which persons they prefer to associate with.
AT HOME
Well-like most of each members of the family
In this diagram shows that Esperanza, Darryl and Darielle are most well like in the family.
Henry chooses Esperanza (wife), Darryl (son) and Darielle (daughter) as his likes in the family.
Esperanza chooses his three children (Darwin, Darryl and Darielle)
Darwin chooses Esperanza (mother), Darryl and Darielle (siblings)
Darryl chooses Henry (father), Esperanza (mother) and Darielle (sibling)
Darielle chooses Henry (father), Esperanza (mother) and Darryl (brother)
In this diagram shows that Darwin is the most dislike in the family
Henry choose Darwin, Esperanza choose Henry, Darwin choose Henry, Darryl choose Darwin, Darielle choose Darwin as dislike.
According to Darielle, she doesn’t like her brother (Darwin) because they are always fighting each other and “pinapalo sya”
According to her also, they doesn’t like Darielle because he is “pasaway” and there are always quarrel between her father and brother. As of now Darwin is runaway.
AT SCHOOL
Well like of her classmates
According to them (Paul, Karl, Althea, Draielle and Raymond), they like Jenny because she is kind, friendly and beautiful. Out of Nine classmates, two of them choose Darielle.
According to Anthony, He chooses Darielle because Darielle is his cousin while Grace chooses Darielle because Darielle is her neighbor.
According to the (Kevin, Raymond, Karl, Paul, Racquel, Jenny and Althea) they did not choose Darielle because "she is a teaser, she always want to bully but when we bully her she will cry immediately.
According to them also "Darielle is always telling a bad words".
According to the (Kevin, Raymond, Karl, Paul, Racquel, Jenny and Althea) they did not choose Darielle because "she is a teaser, she always want to bully but when we bully her she will cry immediately.
According to them also "Darielle is always telling a bad words".
D4-D6. PERSONALITY DYNAMICS
D4. SELF MASTERY
She knows that her parents were separated
She knows how to write her name
She knows the name of each member of the family
She knows the name of her school
She don't know her age
She don't know her birth date
She don't know where she lived
According to her father and also her although her parents were separated still she love her father and mother, she have a good relationship to them.
D6. ACTIONS
She is very good in writing
She loved to dance
She can add numbers 1-20
She can identify shapes and colors
She has difficulty in reading
She has difficulty in pronouncing the letter R and S
She has difficulty in subtracting, multiplying and dividing numbers
She can add numbers 1-20
She can identify shapes and colors
She has difficulty in reading
She has difficulty in pronouncing the letter R and S
She has difficulty in subtracting, multiplying and dividing numbers
SECTION E. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
The concepts of communication speech and language are interrelated. Speech and language are the key components of communication. Basically communication takes place when both the sender and receiver of the message use common speech patterns and language. Difficulties in speech production and lack of language skills interfere with effective communication. "Speech is abnormal when it deviates so far from the speech of the other people that it calls attention to itself, interferes with communication, or causes the speaker or his listener to feel distressed" (Van Riper). In determining whether or not a speech disorder exists, the person age, education and cultural background are taken into consideration. In the case of Darielle, at her age of six the child should be able to read a word a simple sentence properly. It is not natural for a child at her age to pronounced a letter R as L and S as T. There are speech related problem that cause ineffective communication like problems in voice, articulation and fluency. Darielle is in line into articulation disorder, she has errors in the formation of speech sounds. There are four basic errors of articulation: omission (see for seen), substitution (wip for lip), distortion (talt for salt) and addition of extra sounds (buhrown for brown). We can classify Darielle as distortion because she has difficulty in pronouncing the letter R and S. In this problem of Darielle, if it is persist for a long period of time, referral to a speech specialist should be made to her.
People learn through observing others behavior, attitude and outcomes of these behaviors, (Social Learning Theory: Albert Bandura). In this concept most human behavior is learned observationally through modeling from observing others, one forms an idea of how new behaviors are performed, and later occasions this coded information serves as a guide for action. From this concept, we can say that the problem of Darielle in telling a bad words is observed to her father. This attitude is commonly performed by her father every time he gets angry, so Darielle in her age she did not understand the meaning of that bad words, she thinks that telling that words as she observed can help to release the angry of a person, so whenever the child gets angry she imitates what her fathers behavior.
Regarding on the positive behavior of Darielle in Multiple Intelligence by Howard Gardner. She is in line in Visual-Spatial Intelligence-is the ability to perceive and mentally manipulate a form or object, perceive and create tension, balance and composition in a visual or spatial display. In the case of Darielle She is Visual-Spatial Intelligence because at her young age she is fond of doodling and drawing. She spend most of her time in holding a pencil like in drawing she can't draw perfectly but you will recognize her sketch.
SECTION F. PROGNOSIS
The period of childhood is very important to development. The foundations laid during this period determine the directions development will take during the succeeding periods and he adjustments that the child will capable of in later life.
As I observed Darielle, she is the most affected in the separation of her parents, because at the age of two she experienced being far away from her father. She is only guided by her grandmother because her mother is working to support her needs.
In the case of Darielle in terms of reading and pronunciation of letter R and S, she is not guided by her parents because until now she can't read a sentence very well. When the child mispronounced the word, they are not correcting the child instead they laugh to her and said "Ang tanda tanda mo na bulol ka pa rin". When I asked Darielle to say "salt" she said "talt". When I asked the child again to re[eat what I've said she did not respond anymore. In that case she did not want to be corrected by an adult, because she did not pay attention to me. The accepting of mistake or being corrected is not build to the child.
It is natural for a child to show a mistaken behavior but if it is done repeatedly the parents should alarm. In the problem of Darielle in terms of showing temper tantrums repeatedly can cause of being spoiled, because the attention is focus to her especially she is the youngest and the only girl. She gets whatever she wants. In telling a bad words can cause of the behavior of her father, because when I conducting the interview her father is always saying a bad words every time she gets angry to the child , so may be Darielle can acquire this behavior to her father.
SECTION G. THERAPEUTIC PLAN
6.1 KNOWLEDGE BUILDING
At the end of the case study my client child have to continue develop on her self-mastery.
6.2 SKILLS BUILDING
At the end the case study my client child start to build fluency in reading and pronouncing letter R and S properly.
6.3 ATTITUDE BUILDING
At the end the case study my client child starts to build her values such as being polite, friendly and kind.
SECTION H.THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTION
OBJECTIVES | ACTIVITIES | DATE/SCHEDULE |
At the end of the case study my client child have to continue develop on her self-mastery. | The child will complete her profile/ personal information My name is _____. I’m_____ yrs old. I’m in_____. My birth date is_____. II study at_____. My parents name is_____. My teacher is_____. | March 12, 2011 (Saturday) 3:00 PM-4:00 PM |
At the end the case study my client child start to build fluency in reading and pronouncing letter R and S properly. | I will ask my client to read a short story and some basic sight words. | March 13, 2011 (Sunday) 2:30 PM-4:00 PM |
At the end the case study my client child starts to build her values such as being polite, friendly and kind. | I will provide different shapes with a written notes at the back of the shapes and I will ask the client to give the star to whom she want to say thank you, Circle to whom she want to say sorry and Heart to whom she want to be her friend. | March 14, 2011 (Monday) 3:00 PM-4:00 PM |
SECTION I. THERAPEUTIC PROGRESS
INTERVENTION | DATE/ SCHEDULE | PROGRESS |
At the end of the case study my client child have to continue develop on her self-mastery. | March 12, 2011 (Saturday) 3:00 PM-4:00 PM | The child answered the questions with my guidance. |
At the end the case study my client child start to build fluency in reading and pronouncing letter R and S properly. | March 13, 2011 (Sunday) 2:30 PM-4:00 PM | The child answered some question about the story, and then repeats the basic sight words after me. |
At the end the case study my client child starts to build her values such as being polite, friendly and kind. | March 14, 2011 (Monday) 3:00 PM-4:00 PM | The child has an idea about the meaning of the written notes in each shape. |
SECTION J. THERAPEUTIC RESULT
On the first day I conduct an interview, I found out that the child has a lack of self-mastery; she has difficulty in reading and pronouncing letter R and S properly; and she don’t like by her classmates and neighbors.
On the other day, I asked the father of the child to do some activities and encourage the child to cooperate. Fortunately, when we begin the activity the child was interested to do the task. Based on the first activity my client child developed her self-mastery because on the first day I conduct an interview, she has few information about herself. When I asked her to complete her profile, it takes time before she accomplished the activity but she can able to do the task with my guidance. She asked me to elaborate more every time she confused with the question.
In our second activity, I asked the child to read a short story and some basic sight words. Fortunately, when I asked her to read the selection I’ve got her attention and she follow my instruction. First, I read the selection then she repeat afterwards. I asked some question if she really understand the story like who is the main character in the story, the antagonist and the protagonist, the setting of the story. We spent more time in reading the basic sight words especially on the words that focuses on letter R and S. It takes a long period of time before we finished the activity because it’s really difficult for her to pronounce the words with Letter R and S, so when she read the words it makes another meaning. We read the words repeatedly; we cannot proceed to another word unless she pronounces the words properly.
Our last activity was the most she likes. She helped me to cut different shapes then I wrote notes in each shape. Star to whom she wants to say “thank you”, Circle to whom she wants to say “sorry”, and heart “to whom she want to be her friend”. At first she ashamed to gave this shapes to a person but with my encouragement she accomplished this activity. Unexpectedly, she gave the star to me, I’m surprised because she said “thank you for the time that you spent with me, you makes me happy because I enjoyed your activities”. She gave the circle to her father she said “sorry for the bad things I’ve done”. And lastly, she gave the star to Kulot-her playmate, she said “I want to be your friend; I will not tease you anymore.
SECTION K. SUMMARY/ CONCLUSION/ RECOMMENDATION
SUMMARY
My client named Darielle, she is six years old; grade I. Darielle came to a broken family. She is the youngest child among the three children of Henry and Esperanza. Her parents were separated when she was two years old. As of now she lives with her father and two brothers.
According to her father, Darielle is not so interested in studying; she has difficulty in reading and speaking, she pronounced the letter R as L, and S as T; in terms of her attitude she has a short attention span, if she don't like what her doing she will not take it seriously; sometimes she shows temper tantrums whenever she did not get whatever she wants because she spoiled by her grand mother; and according to her playmate, she is a teaser.
CONCLUSION
RECOMMENDATION
I recommend to the parents of Darielle, they should pay attention to the child and guide her especially in her academic subject. They should focus to teach Darielle in reading especially to those words that is more on pronouncing letter R and S so that her fluency will build little by little. Her father should be careful in saying harsh words because Darielle is still in the stage of imitating the behavior of an adult.
SECTION L. IMPLICATION TO EDUCATION AND ASSESSMENT OF YOUNG CHILDREN
I realized that it's difficult to conduct an interview to assess the behavior of a child because we have to gather information about the past as well as the present experience of the child. It also requires a lot of patience to understand them.
We all know that the child has different behavior so the guidance of an adult is needed. In order for them to acquire a good attitude or behavior we should be a good model for them. Sometimes the behavior of a child is depending on how they mold by their parents. If the child feel depress, isolated or experience anxiety they need love, care, and belongingness.
I realized that it's difficult to conduct an interview to assess the behavior of a child because we have to gather information about the past as well as the present experience of the child. It also requires a lot of patience to understand them.
We all know that the child has different behavior so the guidance of an adult is needed. In order for them to acquire a good attitude or behavior we should be a good model for them. Sometimes the behavior of a child is depending on how they mold by their parents. If the child feel depress, isolated or experience anxiety they need love, care, and belongingness.
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